Dogs and cats are animals that are both loyal and affectionate. They are also at risk of a lot of dangerous diseases and can spread directly to us. Therefore, you should know and prevent common diseases in these two beloved pets. Right here, let's find out with Toplist what common diseases in cats and dogs are and how to prevent and treat them.
1 Kennel cough (infectious bronchitis)
Kennel cough is the common name for infectious bronchitis, a common disease in dogs. During the changing seasons in the North, your dogs will be most susceptible to diseases because of high humidity and cold winds. To reduce the risk of your dog contracting kennel cough, you should limit bringing them to public places where many animals gather in the changing weather. If you find that they have kennel cough, it is best to take them to the veterinarian. In some cases, the disease can go away on its own, but it is still necessary to closely monitor the health of the pet and pay attention to keep them away from places with high humidity and cigarette smoke.
Kennel cough in dogs often has outward manifestations and is easy to recognize such as: Dogs cough continuously, dry cough is an obvious symptom. Make a cough or goose-like sounds. Runny nose, constant tears. Vomiting... In mild cases, dogs can still eat and drink normally, this is a difficult stage to detect. When the condition worsens, the symptoms become complicated such as loss of appetite, high fever, coma, pneumonia, ... if not treated promptly, it can endanger the pet's life. Kennel cough in dogs often occurs in unvaccinated dogs, older dogs and dogs with weak resistance and weakened immune systems. In addition, you should still take your pet to the clinic for a health check because kennel cough in dogs can recur and develop much more dangerously. Vaccination is also a measure to help prevent kennel cough in dogs.
2 Leptospirosis
Lepto in dogs (Leptospirosis) is also known as spirochetes in dogs or turmeric in pigs. This is a common infectious disease for many animals (cow, dog, horse, sheep, goat, pig, cat, ...) and can be transmitted to humans. Wild animals are natural reservoirs of pathogens. The disease is found all over the world, but is most severe in hot and humid tropical climates. Although it is not contagious and kills many dogs like Carre and Parvo, if infected, it will cause hepatitis, ascites, generalized jaundice and death. The risk of infection to humans (owners) is very high through urine excretion of dogs, lepto bacteria spread, skin contact enters the human body. Animal urine carrying Lepto parasites through natural rainwater into rivers, streams, environmental groundwater, dogs and cats, other animals or people swimming, bathing or drinking can also cause disease. The disease usually occurs in dogs under 2 years of age and young animals, cats are rarely affected.
It is difficult to recognize the initial symptoms of Lepto in dogs because there are no specific symptoms, which are easily confused with signs of many other diseases. In some cases, the dog may not have any symptoms at first. The incubation period is from 5-14 days, even up to 30 days. Common clinical symptoms are: Fever 40-41oC, anorexia, vomiting, severe abdominal pain, fatigue, moodiness. For a long time, it is possible to detect yellow color in the eye mucosa, little or no hair on the abdomen. The abdomen swells like a pregnant woman about to give birth with ascites, the chronic form of the disease, the dog still eats and drinks but is very thin, protruding the back, prolonged diarrhea, little urine, thick urine, dark brown. Dogs will die due to disorders, systemic collapse, respiratory and cardiovascular collapse. Currently, there is a vaccine to prevent Lepto disease in cats and dogs. On the label of the vaccine bottle, the letter "L" stands for the first letter of the disease name "Leptospirosis". However, this vaccine can cause many complications and side effects for your pet. Lepto vaccine can cause allergic reactions in dogs after injection. Should be injected once a year periodically. In dangerous areas where Lepto epidemic occurs frequently, injection is given every 6 months.
3 Inflammatory diseases of the stomach and intestines
Gastroenteritis is the name for an inflammatory disease of the digestive tract, which is part of the dog's digestive system. It's a relatively common condition in dogs. Gastroenteritis is the name given to any disease characterized by inflammation of the stomach or intestines of dogs or cats. The stomach and small intestine of dogs and cats are important in their digestion and general health. Therefore, inflammation of the stomach and intestines will affect the ability of dogs and cats to digest food and receive essential nutrients. Acute gastritis and intestinal inflammation appear suddenly and randomly. This condition occurs only once, occurs spontaneously and for a short period of time. It may even go away on its own. Chronic gastritis is a longer-lasting condition. It can affect the dog for weeks, or even longer, and can recur over time. When symptoms persist or continue to recur, it usually means that an underlying problem is causing the inflammation.
When detecting that your dog has suspicious symptoms, you should take the dog to the veterinary facility to have the necessary tests to diagnose the disease. Early treatment for dogs with gastroenteritis is essential because the disease is not dangerous and can be treated if detected in time (except for viral causes). The principle when dealing with gastritis and intestinal diseases in dogs and cats is to parallel the two processes of "treating urgent symptoms" then "treating the cause" and taking appropriate medication. Some new generation antibiotics you should use for dogs and cats such as: Sulfadimethoxine; Trimethoprime;...or other broad-spectrum antibiotics such as: Norfloxacin; Tetracyclines; Kanamycin…
4 Infectious hepatitis
Infectious hepatitis is one of the dangerous diseases not only in terms of the inflammatory nature of the disease but also in how contagious they are. It is also one of five diseases classified as dangerous and listed in the group that should be vaccinated at 7 weeks of age: Care, Parvo, Lepto, parainfluenza and infectious hepatitis in dogs. Infectious hepatitis is caused by the Canine Adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1) virus. Canine Adenovirus type 1 virus is quite dangerous because they are almost resistant in the inactivated environment (adverse environment in which they cannot function and thrive), in addition, they also have a high survivability. with disinfectants, chemicals and certain frequencies of ultraviolet radiation. If the disease is not treated in time, it will cause complications such as: enteritis, blood clotting disorder, acute organ failure, etc.
The disease occurs in all ages and especially dogs aged 1 month and under, any unvaccinated wild animal can carry this disease. Although the disease is very dangerous, fortunately they are not contagious to humans. However, the owner must also take precautions to avoid being an intermediary host to infect other animals. The disease is transmitted when a dog comes into contact with the bacteria through the nose and mouth and then colonizes the tonsils. Then it will spread through the lymphatic system, then enter the blood after 4-8 days and finally invade the organs, especially the liver and kidneys. During infection, they will release feces into the dog's saliva to infect other animals. When sick dogs need to be isolated from other dogs to avoid spreading. The best way is still to take the dog to a medical facility as soon as possible.
5 Pneumonia
Pneumonia in dogs and cats is the result of a pathological process or injury in the lungs (sequent from bronchitis, kennel cough or pathological processes in the esophagus, trachea, ...) infection with bacteria present in the respiratory tract. The disease is common in winter when the temperature drops suddenly. The disease is an acute inflammatory disease. Damage to the bronchi then spreads to the alveoli. The disease is caused by many different causes, including lung damage, inflammation from nearby tissues, allergies, and the impact of fluid spilling into the lungs. All pathological stimuli through the central nervous system affect the bronchi and alveoli, causing the bronchial walls and some lung lobes to become congested, then secrete inflammatory fluid that accumulates in the bronchi and alveoli cause inflammation, the animal shows fever. Due to the animal's respiratory process, inflammatory fluid spills over into other uninflamed bronchi and alveoli.
If treatment is not active, the inflammatory process spreads, reducing the respiratory area of the lungs, and at the same time, due to the prolonged fever, causing metabolic disorders, the animal can be poisoned and die or develop pneumonia. gangrene, pulmonary tuberculosis... General signs: pulmonary edema, congestion, unequal foci of inflammation scattered throughout the lobes of the lung... To destroy the pathogens that cause pneumonia in babies, Antibiotics are the simplest and most effective. To choose the best antibiotic, doctors often rely on culture results combined with bacterial isolation. Besides, the use of broad-spectrum antibiotic groups or antibiotics together is also an effective treatment. Pneumonia is caused by a variety of bacteria. Depending on the type of bacteria causing the disease, the doctor chooses the right antibiotic. Additional treatment depends on the severity and symptoms of your dog. If multiple symptoms occur at the same time, such as loss of appetite, high fever, and weight loss, you should ask your veterinarian to admit your dog to the hospital.
6 Bronchitis
Bronchitis is an inflammation of the lining of the respiratory tract, bronchi or small bronchi that then leads to inflammation of the trachea. Severe illness leads to pneumonia. The disease usually occurs in dogs and cats when the weather changes from warm to cold and humid, usually from late autumn to winter and to early spring. Animals infected at the same time with several species of bacteria causing respiratory diseases such as streptococci, staphylococcus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bordetella bronchiseptica... Often followed by a number of infections such as Care, enteritis, parasitic diseases . The secretions block the airways making it difficult to breathe; Therefore, the animal has typical symptoms such as: Cough, difficulty breathing, especially in the morning, at first a dry cough, then becomes a wet and prolonged cough. Wheezing, crackles, watery eyes, nose constantly. May be accompanied by a fever of 39.5-40.5⁰C, the animal is tired, refuses to eat. Prolonged coughing will lead to mucosal inflammation or congestion.
Treatment for acute bronchitis in dogs may include medications such as antibiotics, bronchodilators, and anti-inflammatory drugs. In the case of dogs having difficulty breathing, they may be hospitalized and given oxygen. Chronic bronchitis is more difficult to treat. Anti-inflammatory drugs, antitussives and bronchodilators can help keep the animal comfortable. Antibiotics may be used if an infection is present. Obesity can worsen symptoms of bronchitis, so maintaining a healthy weight is so important that your veterinarian may prescribe an additional dietary regimen for your dog if your dog is overweight. you have a problem with obesity. One of the main methods is to remove irritants from the dog's environment including smoke, chemicals, perfumes, allergens. It's important to follow any treatment your veterinarian recommends and follow their instructions exactly.
7 Parrvovirus disease
Parvo is highly contagious in dogs, but unvaccinated dogs and puppies younger than 4 months are more susceptible. The virus affects the gastrointestinal tract in dogs and is transmitted when sick dogs come into direct contact with healthy dogs or pathogens present in feces, the environment, or people. The virus can infect the barn, food and water, collars, leashes, or hands and clothing of people who come into contact with sick dogs. Under normal conditions, the virus is stable to hot and cold temperatures, high humidity or dryness, and is capable of surviving in the environment for long periods of time. The virus can still be transmitted from one place to another through the fur or paws of dogs when they come into contact with crates, shoes or other objects that contain the virus. Parvo disease is usually diagnosed and treated based on the pet's history, diagnosis, and testing. There is no specific drug to destroy the virus in infected dogs, treatment only helps until the dog's immune system is able to fight the disease.
Dogs need immediate warmth, treatment, and care to combat dehydration with fluids, control vomiting and diarrhea, and prevent secondary bacterial infections. Treatment for parvo can be expensive, and dogs can still die despite aggressive treatment. Early detection of the disease and aggressive treatment with the right method can bring a survival rate of up to 90%. Sick dogs need to be isolated to minimize the risk of spreading the virus to healthy dogs. It is necessary to clean and disinfect the dog's cage or living areas to limit the spread of the virus. To prevent parvo in dogs, it is important to follow the vaccination schedule and clean the dog's place. Puppies are susceptible to disease because the natural antibodies in the mother's milk may not provide protection until the puppy's immune system is strong enough to fight the disease on its own or the injected vaccine has been neutralized by the antibodies. mother dog. Therefore, owners need to follow the veterinarian's vaccination schedule to best prevent diseases for their pets.
8 Care (Sick fever)
Care disease (Sai fever) is a very dangerous disease in dogs and can kill puppies from 2 to 6 months old. Adult dogs over the age of one year are less likely to have this disease (little, but not none). Because the disease has no specific treatment, often we will have to treat the symptoms of dogs, some dogs after successful treatment will have neurological sequelae such as: Walking, shaking when walking, .. Care disease in dogs (sick fever) causes harm on many systems, but on the digestive system is the most severe and obvious. This is one of the most common and dangerous diseases of dogs. The disease occurs all over the world, killing many unvaccinated dogs. The disease can occur in all ages of dogs, but it is very harmful to puppies. The organs most affected by the virus are the digestive, respiratory, skin, and nervous systems.
Canine care is a dangerous disease that causes confusion and anxiety throughout pet communities around the world. However, according to scientists, up to this point, they are still continuing to research to find the most effective treatment for dog care. Currently, veterinarians will provide a treatment for dog disease based on clinical symptoms expressed through the dog's digestive system, respiratory system, ... to prevent the disease from metastasized to other organs. As for the disease, there is no special treatment, when the dog is sick, it is necessary to isolate it to avoid spreading to the healthy dog and take the dog to the nearest veterinary clinic for treatment instructions. However, you can vaccinate your dog against disease at 3 months of age with the care vaccine.
9 Rabies
In Vietnam, domestic dogs are the most common source of rabies transmission to humans (95-97%) followed by cats. If you come into contact with a dog or cat that is suspected of having rabies, there are several signs that will help you identify rabies in dogs and rabies in cats, so that appropriate action can be taken. Use extreme caution and do not attempt to capture animals at risk of infection yourself. Contact animal control, your local wildlife organization, or call the authorities as soon as possible. Rabies is one of the most feared infectious diseases in human history. Once rabies occurs, both animals and humans will die quickly in pain and panic.
Rabies is caused by a bacteria called Rhabdovirus, which is found in the saliva of animals with rabies. Infected animals will transmit rabies to other animals or humans through bites... In some cases, rabies can be transmitted through saliva contact with open wounds or mucous membranes. such as the mucous membranes of the eyes and nose. For example, an animal infected with rabies but still in the incubation stage licks a wound on your skin and you can be infected. Currently, there is no optimal treatment for rabies. When disease develops in pets or people, death is almost certain. Only a small number of people have survived rabies because of very intensive medical care. There have been some reported cases of dogs surviving the infection, but they are actually very rare.
10 Scabies
Scabies in dogs and cats has the scientific name Sarcoptes scabiei var. Scabies in dogs is a common skin disease in dogs and cats, when scabies the dog's body will appear signs such as redness, sores, hair loss, itching, dandruff fungus ... Scabies is usually caused by skin parasites such as dog ticks, fleas, lice, lice, scabies, fungi. These mites can cause cats to experience intense itching and scratching, which can lead to hair loss and skin irritation. The condition is considered highly contagious; although, it is actually more likely to appear in dogs. If your cat shows signs of scabies, you should visit your veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment. This type of scabies is not very harmful, it can be prevented and treated as follows: regularly wash and sanitize dogs and cats with some types of acrid leaves or specialized soaps for pets. If your pet has scabies, you should use some topical medication or a solution of Sulfur, Benzylbenzoate, etc.
To treat scabies for dogs most effectively today, it is only possible that using veterinary drugs specialized in treating scabies for dogs will be the best. There are many different types of dog scabies treatments on the market. You should use a dog dermatitis spray. This drug is now very popular, widely sold in the market under many different brands. According to the experience of longtime dog owners, the spray has a very quick effect on the dog's skin within 24 hours on the injured skin. The spray penetrates into the dog's skin, destroying a favorable habitat for ticks to eliminate bacteria, fungi, and fleas that are parasitic on the dog's skin and coat. You just need to clean the injured skin, shave the hair to shorten it so that the medicine can easily come in contact, treat scabies for dogs more effectively...
The above is a list of common diseases in dogs and cats and how to prevent and treat them can help dog owners have more experience in taking care of their pets effectively, avoiding unwanted health effects. Wish your pet always healthy, grow up fast and always accompany toplist.vn to update more useful pet care information.
